Mesothelioma

Peritoneal Of Mesothelioma

2009-06-21T13:42:00.000-07:00

All About Mesothelioma. There is a lot of depressing information on the internet about peritoneal mesothelioma and the survival associated with this cancer. Reading it you would think that no one has ever survived peritoneal mesothelioma beyond a year or so. This information is far from comprehensive. To help balance some of the negative information that is so prevalent on the Web, we present some case histories of long-term peritoneal mesothelioma survival as published in the peer reviewed medical literature. 9 Years +

In November 1979, a 73 year-old man had abdominal pain and distension and was found to have an abdominal mass. A laparotomy was performed that revealed peritoneal malignancy with ascites. A biopsy demonstrated that the tumor was malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. No special treatment was recommended other than draining of the ascites. In spite of the continuing ascites and the gradually-enlarging abdominal masses, the patient enjoys good health, and lives independently at home. How many more years (in excess of 9) this patient lived with peritoneal mesothelioma is not known.

See: Norman, P.E. and Whitaker, D., Nine-Year Survival in a Case of Untreated Peritoneal Mesothelioma, Med J Aust 1989; 150: 43-44.

15 Years +

A woman was diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma. She had surgery (“total excision”). Seven years later the peritoneal mesothelioma recurred and she had another surgery (“reexcision”). She remains well 15 years after the initial diagnosis. The patient did not receive chemotherapy.

See: Asensio, J.A., et al., Primary Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Report of Seven Cases and a Review of the Literature, Arch Surg; Nov 1990, 125, 1477-1480.

17 + Years

In 1962, a 31 year-old woman had abdominal pain for several months and a mass was detected. She underwent exploratory laparotomy which found tumor nodules spread throughout her abdomen. The diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma was made. Complete surgical removal of the tumor was not possible. She was treated with radioactive phosphorus, radiation, and oral chemotherapy (cytoxan). She remained well for 17 years. In 1979 she had recurrent peritoneal mesothelioma. She was treated with cytoxan again and continued to live as of the writing of the published medical report.
Source:-http://mesothelioma-lawyershouston.blogspot.com/2009/06/peritoneal-mesotheliom

tags : peritoneal mesothelioma, mesothelioma, mesothelioma info, mesothelioma hack

About Mesothelioma Tumor

2009-06-21T13:24:00.000-07:00

About Mesothelioma Tumor. Mesothelioma Tumor is preventable cancer that is frequently the result of an employer’s choice for profits over worker health safety. Mesothelioma Tumor is a result of cancer of the tissues that line our internal organs, including the lungs, called “mesothelium.” Mesothelioma Tumor sufferers usually succumb to the cancer within four to 14 months after being diagnosed, though some patients have been known to live longer.

There is no known cure for Mesothelioma, and treatment for Mesothelioma Tumor has not advanced far since the 1980s.

Overcoming Disfuction Sexual

2009-06-19T13:53:00.000-07:00

mrs.x questions :

hello doctor. I am a wife aged 27 years, husband aged 36 years. There are some things that I want to ask:

1. Generally, how many times we can be intimate touch in a week?

2. My husband if related agencies do not ever invite foreplay, if so, only 1 minute. whether normal?

3. If my husband do sex very quickly, just 10 minutes. He also can not continue anymore, so I can not have satisfaction. Position that we should do, given that the body fat so I was quite satisfied my husband?

doctor joe answer :

In fact there is no limit how many times you and your husband can relate intimate, depending on the desires that you and your partner want.

Relationship to the body without foreplay sexual response will be perfect cause a bad sexual experience, giving rise to feeling reluctant to do so again.

To enjoy sex with both sexual communication have to do, learn sexuality. And if there disfungsi or sexual harassment, you should immediately address them. circumstances that your husband is a natural ejaculation including at the early stage of sexual disfunction.

Asbestos Prompts EPA’s First Public of Health Emergency

2009-06-18T15:30:00.000-07:00

On June 17th the EPA declared its first-ever “public health emergency” in a belated response to the massive outbreak of asbestos related diseases in Libby, Montana. The federal agency has allocated $6 million dollars to pay for healthcare costs related to mesothelioma and other health problems that have developed in Montana residents who worked in and live in the vicinity of the W.R. Grace vermiculite mine located in Libby.

From 1963 until 1990 the Grace corporation operated the vermiculite mine, extracting ore that was used to make insulation and that was contaminated with tremolite asbestos. The ore was shipped all over the nation for insulation production, leading to potential health problems for the workers who manufactured Grace’s Zonolite insulation, the workers who installed it and the millions of homeowners who currently live with asbestos contamination in their walls and ceilings.

The grant of funds was made to Lincoln County, Montana, where the two towns of Libby and neighboring Troy are located. The Department of Health and Human Services estimates that there are 500 people with asbestos-related illnesses such as lung cancer and asbestosis in the two towns which total 3.900 in population. A spokeswoman for the department said 50 new cases are diagnosed every year, including some in workers’ relatives and children who never set foot in a mine.

“I don’t think anybody escaped from the exposure,” said Montana Senator Jon Tester. “Nearly every family, if not every family, that was exposed to it has some health issues.” The deadly asbestos fibers that cause asbestos health problems were carried home on the dusty clothes of mineworkers. Daily operations at the Libby mine and the mill that processed the ore sent clouds of asbestos dust drifting over the area.

Six weeks ago several W.R. Grace executives were acquitted on charges that they knowingly allowed exposure of Libby miners and residents to the asbestos fibers released by their vermiculite ore. However Grace still faces over one hundred thousand asbestos lawsuits and liability claims filed by Montana citizens who have developed mesothelioma and other asbestos diseases.

Asbestos legal experts expect the liability claims to continue for years because of the broad exposure to asbestos that has occurred in the Montana region. The EPA has had the authority to issue public health emergency alerts since 1980; the years of potentially fatal toxic exposure in and around the W.R. Grace mine is their first such emergency declaration.

This entry was posted on Thursday, June 18th, 2009 at 6:44 am. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.
source : http://www.asbestosnews.com

Asbestos vs Mesothelioma

2009-06-18T15:23:00.000-07:00

Unlike most cancer, mesothelioma is almost always caused by just one sourceasbestosexposure. The National Cancer Institute says that up to 80% of all mesothelioma cases are caused by asbestos exposure. However additional causes of the disease are just guesses and include such exotic factors as exposure to a mineral in Turkey called Zeolite and previous infection with the Simian monkey virus. Exposure to radiation may make the development of mesothelioma more likely.

For most of the twentieth century, asbestos was heavily used in the manufacture of all types of insulation, flooring, ceiling tiles, pipe fittings, plaster, caulking, roofing, and other construction products. Any industrial facility or power plant (including naval engine rooms) that generated heat probably had pipes, tanks and other fixtures insulated with asbestos. Some sort of asbestos product was at virtually all construction job sites up to 1985 or so.

Asbestos is a fibrous material that when disturbed, emits fibers into the air which can be inhaled by any nearby worker: a miner, a construction worker, a ship’s crewman working around the ship’s pipes and boilers, plumbers, carpenters, auto mechanics, workers in the oil business, in power plants, in chemical plants – the list goes on. The list also includes family members of workers that brought home asbestos fibers on their clothing and shoes from the job site.
source : http://www.asbestosnews.com/

Navy Family wins $1.2 Million Asbestos Lawsuit Award

2009-06-17T13:34:00.000-07:00

The family of a retired Navy sailor who developed mesothelioma cancer from his exposure to asbestos on the job has been awarded $1.2 million in damages. Virginia resident Gerald Gray was exposed to asbestos decades ago when he was stationed aboard a ship for four years and following that duty, was stationed at a Navy shipyard. At one time he was the second highest ranking enlisted man in on active Navy duty. The defendant in the case, John Crane Inc. is a company that made asbestos gaskets and packing materials for marine engines.

The only known cause for mesothelioma is asbestos fibers, which can be inhaled without knowledge in the presence of asbestos products that are damaged or aging. The asbestos lawsuit was heard in a Newport News courtroom, where the jury awarded a total of $4 million in damages against five defendants. Four of the defendant companies had settled out of court prior to the verdict, while the John Crane Company chose to fight the accusation. Among the complaints in the case is the fact that asbestos manufacturers such as Crane turned out their products without warning users of the potential danger involved in installing and using asbestos materials.

This is not the first asbestos liability suit the company has faced. In 2008 a San Francisco court awarded a plaintiff suffering from an asbestos-caused disease the sum of $3.9 million; this complaint evolved from the use of Crane asbestos products while working at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.

Navy veterans and shipyard workers have proven to be extremely high risk groupd for the development of mesothelioma, asbestosis and lung cancer - all caused by asbestos. Every shipped commissioned by the Navy between 1930 and the early 1970s was loaded with asbestso, used as insulation for boilers, engine rooms and piping systems. Thirty percent of all mesothelioma victims in the United States are military veterans.

This entry was posted on Wednesday, June 17th, 2009 at 6:14 am. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.
source : http://www.asbestosnews.com/

Diseases Lungs and Mesothelioma

2009-06-17T13:20:00.000-07:00

Mesothelioma is rare disorder and is often misdiagnosed. It is a disease that derives directly from the mesothelial cells in the serous membranes. But it is not uncommon for other growths to appear in the mesothelium, both cancerous and non cancerous.

Tumors of the mesothelium can be benign (non-cancerous) or cancerous. A malignant tumor of the mesothelium is called malignant mesothelioma, but because most mesothelial tumors are cancerous, the disease is often simply called mesothelioma.
Benign Tumors

Although uncommon, the mesothelium of certain female and male reproductive organs may develop a benign tumor called an adenomatoid tumor. In men, the tumor starts in the area where the sperm is carried from the testicles and in women it starts in the fallopian tubes. Another type of benign tumor that starts in the female reproductive organs is called a benign cystic mesothelioma.

A type of benign tumor that used to be called benign fibrous mesothelioma can form in the pleura around the lungs. It is now known that this type of tumor starts in the tissues under the mesothelium and therefore is not a type of mesothelioma. It is typically not cancerous, but can progress to cancer in some cases. A similar disease that forms in the peritoneum is called a fibrous tumor of the peritoneum. These types of tumors are often removed surgically, and no other treatment is needed.
Malignant Tumors

The most common form of malignant tumors in the mesothelium are metastatic tumors. That is, the tumors start in another part of the body and then the cancer metastasizes and spreads to the mesothelium. The ratio is between 7: 1 to 20: 1 for the occurrence of these types of tumors versus a mesothelioma. Mesothelioma derives directly from the mesothelial cells and does not migrate into the mesothelium from other organs.

The most common metastatic tumors that grow in the pleura derive from, in descending order:

* breast
* lung
* ovary
* stomach
* large intestine
* pancreas
* thyroid
* kidney

For the pericardial tumors from metastases, the most common originating organs are lung, breast and thyroid. In the peritoneum, the ovary, stomach, large intestine, pancreas and breast are the most common sources of metastatic tumors.

Mesothelioma Chemotherapy

2009-06-17T13:03:00.000-07:00

Chemotherapy is the only treatment for mesothelioma that has been proven to improve survival in randomised and controlled trials. The landmark study published in 2003 by Vogelzang and colleagues compared cisplatin chemotherapy alone with a combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed (brand name Alimta) chemotherapy) in patients who had not received chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma previously and were not candidates for more aggressive "curative" surgery.[17] This trial was the first to report a survival advantage from chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma, showing a statistically significant improvement in median survival from 10 months in the patients treated with cisplatin alone to 13.3 months in the combination pemetrexed group in patients who received supplementation with folate and vitamin B12.

Vitamin supplementation was given to most patients in the trial and pemetrexed related side effects were significantly less in patients receiving pemetrexed when they also received daily oral folate 500mcg and intramuscular vitamin B12 1000mcg every 9 weeks compared with patients receiving pemetrexed without vitamin supplementation. The objective response rate increased from 20% in the cisplatin group to 46% in the combination pemetrexed group. Some side effects such as nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, and diarrhoea were more common in the combination pemetrexed group but only affected a minority of patients and overall the combination of pemetrexed and cisplatin was well tolerated when patients received vitamin supplementation; both quality of life and lung function tests improved in the combination pemetrexed group. In February 2004, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved pemetrexed for treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. However, there are still unanswered questions about the optimal use of chemotherapy, including when to start treatment, and the optimal number of cycles to give.

Cisplatin in combination with raltitrexed has shown an improvement in survival similar to that reported for pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin, but raltitrexed is no longer commercially available for this indication. For patients unable to tolerate pemetrexed, cisplatin in combination with gemcitabine or vinorelbine is an alternative, or vinorelbine on its own, although a survival benefit has not been shown for these drugs. For patients in whom cisplatin cannot be used, carboplatin can be substituted but non-randomised data have shown lower response rates and high rates of haematological toxicity for carboplatin-based combinations, albeit with similar survival figures to patients receiving cisplatin.[18]

In January 2009, the United States FDA approved using conventional therapies such as surgery in combination with radiation and or chemotherapy on stage I or II Mesothelioma after research conducted by a nationwide study by Duke University concluded an almost 50 point increase in remission rates.

Immunotherapy

Treatment regimens involving immunotherapy have yielded variable results. For example, intrapleural inoculation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in an attempt to boost the immune response, was found to be of no benefit to the patient (while it may benefit patients with bladder cancer). Mesothelioma cells proved susceptible to in vitro lysis by LAK cells following activation by interleukin-2 (IL-2), but patients undergoing this particular therapy experienced major side effects. Indeed, this trial was suspended in view of the unacceptably high levels of IL-2 toxicity and the severity of side effects such as fever and cachexia. Nonetheless, other trials involving interferon alpha have proved more encouraging with 20% of patients experiencing a greater than 50% reduction in tumor mass combined with minimal side effects.

Radiation Treatment

2009-06-17T13:00:00.000-07:00

For patients with localized disease, and who can tolerate a radical surgery, radiation is often given post-operatively as a consolidative treatment. The entire hemi-thorax is treated with radiation therapy, often given simultaneously with chemotherapy. This approach of using surgery followed by radiation with chemotherapy has been pioneered by the thoracic oncology team at Brigham & Women's Hospital in Boston.Delivering radiation and chemotherapy after a radical surgery has led to extended life expectancy in selected patient populations with some patients surviving more than 5 years. As part of a curative approach to mesothelioma, radiotherapy is also commonly applied to the sites of chest drain insertion, in order to prevent growth of the tumor along the track in the chest wall.

Although mesothelioma is generally resistant to curative treatment with radiotherapy alone, palliative treatment regimens are sometimes used to relieve symptoms arising from tumor growth, such as obstruction of a major blood vessel. Radiation therapy when given alone with curative intent has never been shown to improve survival from mesothelioma. The necessary radiation dose to treat mesothelioma that has not been surgically removed would be very toxic.

Incidence and Risk Factor Of Mesothelioma

2009-06-17T05:22:00.000-07:00

Incidence

Although reported incidence rates have increased in the past 20 years, mesothelioma is still a relatively rare cancer. The incidence rate is approximately one per 1,000,000. The highest incidence is found in Britain, Australia and Belgium: 30 per 1,000,000 per year. For comparison, populations with high levels of smoking can have a lung cancer incidence of over 1,000 per 1,000,000. Incidence of malignant mesothelioma currently ranges from about 7 to 40 per 1,000,000 in industrialized Western nations, depending on the amount of asbestos exposure of the populations during the past several decades. It has been estimated that incidence may have peaked at 15 per 1,000,000 in the United States in 2004. Incidence is expected to continue increasing in other parts of the world. Mesothelioma occurs more often in men than in women and risk increases with age, but this disease can appear in either men or women at any age. Approximately one fifth to one third of all mesotheliomas are peritoneal.

Between 1940 and 1979, approximately 27.5 million people were occupationally exposed to asbestos in the United States.[10] Between 1973 and 1984, there has been a threefold increase in the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma in Caucasian males. From 1980 to the late 1990s, the death rate from mesothelioma in the USA increased from 2,000 per year to 3,000, with men four times more likely to acquire it than women. These rates may not be accurate, since it is possible that many cases of mesothelioma are misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the lung, which is difficult to differentiate from mesothelioma.

Risk factors

Working with asbestos is the major risk factor for mesothelioma. A history of asbestos exposure exists in almost all cases. However, mesothelioma has been reported in some individuals without any known exposure to asbestos. In rare cases, mesothelioma has also been associated with irradiation, intrapleural thorium dioxide (Thorotrast), and inhalation of other fibrous silicates, such as erionite.

Asbestos is the name of a group of minerals that occur naturally as masses of strong, flexible fibers that can be separated into thin threads and woven. Asbestos has been widely used in many industrial products, including cement, brake linings, roof shingles, flooring products, textiles, and insulation. If tiny asbestos particles float in the air, especially during the manufacturing process, they may be inhaled or swallowed, and can cause serious health problems. In addition to mesothelioma, exposure to asbestos increases the risk of lung cancer, asbestosis (a noncancerous, chronic lung ailment), and other cancers, such as those of the larynx and kidney.

The combination of smoking and asbestos exposure significantly increases a person's risk of developing cancer of the airways (lung cancer, bronchial carcinoma). The Kent brand of cigarettes used asbestos in its filters for the first few years of production in the 1950s and some cases of mesothelioma have resulted. Smoking modern cigarettes does not appear to increase the risk of mesothelioma.

Some studies suggest that simian virus 40 (SV40) may act as a cofactor in the development of mesothelioma.

Screening, Staging and Pathophysiology of Mesothelimia

2009-06-17T05:14:00.000-07:00

Screening

There is no universally agreed protocol for screening people who have been exposed to asbestos. Screening tests might diagnose mesothelioma earlier than conventional methods thus improving the survival prospects for patients. The serum osteopontin level might be useful in screening asbestos-exposed people for mesothelioma. The level of soluble mesothelin-related protein is elevated in the serum of about 75% of patients at diagnosis and it has been suggested that it may be useful for screening. Doctors have begun testing the Mesomark assay which measures levels of soluble mesothelin-related proteins (SMRPs) released by diseased mesothelioma cells.

Staging

Mesothelioma is described as localized if the cancer is found only on the membrane surface where it originated. It is classified as early (stages I or II) if localized to a single organ surface, usually the lining of the lungs or kidney. Advanced classification is defined (stages III or IV) if it has spread beyond the original membrane surface to other parts of the body.

Pathophysiology

The mesothelium consists of a single layer of flattened to cuboidal cells forming the epithelial lining of the serous cavities of the body including the peritoneal, pericardial and pleural cavities. Deposition of asbestos fibres in the parenchyma of the lung may result in the penetration of the visceral pleura from where the fibre can then be carried to the pleural surface, thus leading to the development of malignant mesothelial plaques. The processes leading to the development of peritoneal mesothelioma remain unresolved, although it has been proposed that asbestos fibres from the lung are transported to the abdomen and associated organs via the lymphatic system. Additionally, asbestos fibres may be deposited in the gut after ingestion of sputum contaminated with asbestos fibres.

Pleural contamination with asbestos or other mineral fibres has been shown to cause cancer. Long thin asbestos fibers (blue asbestos, amphibole fibers) are more potent carcinogens than "feathery fibers" (chrysotile or white asbestos fibers). However, there is now evidence that smaller particles may be more dangerous than the larger fibers. They remain suspended in the air where they can be inhaled, and may penetrate more easily and deeper into the lungs. "We probably will find out a lot more about the health aspects of asbestos from [the World Trade Center attack], unfortunately," said Dr. Alan Fein, chief of pulmonary and critical-care medicine at North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System. Dr. Fein has treated several patients for "World Trade Center syndrome" or respiratory ailments from brief exposures of only a day or two near the collapsed buildings.

Mesothelioma development in rats has been demonstrated following intra-pleural inoculation of phosphorylated chrysotile fibres. It has been suggested that in humans, transport of fibres to the pleura is critical to the pathogenesis of mesothelioma. This is supported by the observed recruitment of significant numbers of macrophages and other cells of the immune system to localised lesions of accumulated asbestos fibres in the pleural and peritoneal cavities of rats. These lesions continued to attract and accumulate macrophages as the disease progressed, and cellular changes within the lesion culminated in a morphologically malignant tumour.

Experimental evidence suggests that asbestos acts as a complete carcinogen with the development of mesothelioma occurring in sequential stages of initiation and promotion. The molecular mechanisms underlying the malignant transformation of normal mesothelial cells by asbestos fibres remain unclear despite the demonstration of its oncogenic capabilities. However, complete in vitro transformation of normal human mesothelial cells to malignant phenotype following exposure to asbestos fibres has not yet been achieved. In general, asbestos fibres are thought to act through direct physical interactions with the cells of the mesothelium in conjunction with indirect effects following interaction with inflammatory cells such as macrophages.

Analysis of the interactions between asbestos fibres and DNA has shown that phagocytosed fibres are able to make contact with chromosomes, often adhering to the chromatin fibres or becoming entangled within the chromosome. This contact between the asbestos fibre and the chromosomes or structural proteins of the spindle apparatus can induce complex abnormalities. The most common abnormality is monosomy of chromosome 22. Other frequent abnormalities include structural rearrangement of 1p, 3p, 9p and 6q chromosome arms.

Diagnosis of Mesothelimia

2009-06-17T05:10:00.000-07:00

Diagnosing of mesothelioma is often difficult, because the symptoms are similar to those of a number of other conditions. Diagnosis begins with a review of the patient's medical history. A history of exposure to asbestos may increase clinical suspicion for mesothelioma. A physical examination is performed, followed by chest X-ray and often lung function tests. The X-ray may reveal pleural thickening commonly seen after asbestos exposure and increases suspicion of mesothelioma. A CT (or CAT) scan or an MRI is usually performed. If a large amount of fluid is present, abnormal cells may be detected by cytology if this fluid is aspirated with a syringe. For pleural fluid this is done by a pleural tap or chest drain, in ascites with an paracentesis or ascitic drain and in a pericardial effusion with pericardiocentesis. While absence of malignant cells on cytology does not completely exclude mesothelioma, it makes it much more unlikely, especially if an alternative diagnosis can be made (e.g. tuberculosis, heart failure).

If cytology is positive or a plaque is regarded as suspicious, a biopsy is needed to confirm a diagnosis of mesothelioma. A doctor removes a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope by a pathologist. A biopsy may be done in different ways, depending on where the abnormal area is located. If the cancer is in the chest, the doctor may perform a thoracoscopy. In this procedure, the doctor makes a small cut through the chest wall and puts a thin, lighted tube called a thoracoscope into the chest between two ribs. Thoracoscopy allows the doctor to look inside the chest and obtain tissue samples.

If the cancer is in the abdomen, the doctor may perform a laparoscopy. To obtain tissue for examination, the doctor makes a small incision in the abdomen and inserts a special instrument into the abdominal cavity. If these procedures do not yield enough tissue, more extensive diagnostic surgery may be necessary.

Signs and Simptons

2009-06-17T05:05:00.000-07:00

Symptoms mesothelioma may not appear until 20 to 50 years after exposure to asbestos. Shortness of breath, cough, and pain in the chest due to an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space are often symptoms of pleural mesothelioma.

Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include weight loss and cachexia, abdominal swelling and pain due to ascites (a buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity). Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include bowel obstruction, blood clotting abnormalities, anemia, and fever. If the cancer has spread beyond the mesothelium to other parts of the body, symptoms may include pain, trouble swallowing, or swelling of the neck or face.

These symptoms may be caused by mesothelioma or by other, less serious conditions.

Mesothelioma that affects the pleura can cause these signs and symptoms:

* Chest wall pain
* Pleural effusion, or fluid surrounding the lung
* Shortness of breath
* Fatigue or anemia
* Wheezing, hoarseness, or cough
* Blood in the sputum (fluid) coughed up (hemoptysis)

In severe cases, the person may have many tumor masses. The individual may develop a pneumothorax, or collapse of the lung. The disease may metastasize, or spread, to other parts of the body.

Tumors that affect the abdominal cavity often do not cause symptoms until they are at a late stage. Symptoms include:

* Abdominal pain
* Ascites, or an abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen
* A mass in the abdomen
* Problems with bowel function
* Weight loss

In severe cases of the disease, the following signs and symptoms may be present:

* Blood clots in the veins, which may cause thrombophlebitis
* Disseminated intravascular coagulation, a disorder causing severe bleeding in many body organs
* Jaundice, or yellowing of the eyes and skin
* Low blood sugar level
* Pleural effusion
* Pulmonary emboli, or blood clots in the arteries of the lungs
* Severe ascites

A mesothelioma does not usually spread to the bone, brain, or adrenal glands. Pleural tumors are usually found only on one side of the lungs.

What is Mesothelioma ?

2009-06-16T14:30:00.000-07:00

Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that is almost always caused by exposure to asbestos. In this disease, malignant cells develop in the mesothelium, a protective lining that covers most of the body's internal organs. Its most common site is the pleura (outer lining of the lungs and internal chest wall), but it may also occur in the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity), the heart, the pericardium (a sac that surrounds the heart) or tunica vaginalis.

Most people who develop mesothelioma have worked on jobs where they inhaled asbestos particles, or they have been exposed to asbestos dust and fiber in other ways. Washing the clothes of a family member who worked with asbestos can also put a person at risk for developing mesothelioma. Unlike lung cancer, there is no association between mesothelioma and smoking, but smoking greatly increases risk of other asbestos-induced cancer. Compensation via asbestos funds or lawsuits is an important issue in mesothelioma (see asbestos and the law).

The symptoms of mesothelioma include shortness of breath due to pleural effusion (fluid between the lung and the chest wall) or chest wall pain, and general symptoms such as weight loss. The diagnosis may be suspected with chest X-ray and CT scan, and is confirmed with a biopsy (tissue sample) and microscopic examination. A thoracoscopy (inserting a tube with a camera into the chest) can be used to take biopsies. It allows the introduction of substances such as talc to obliterate the pleural space (called pleurodesis), which prevents more fluid from accumulating and pressing on the lung. Despite treatment with chemotherapy, radiation therapy or sometimes surgery, the disease carries a poor prognosis. Research about screening tests for the early detection of mesothelioma is ongoing.(wikipedia)